- #VitaminDforAll (2021):
Over 200 Scientists & Doctors Call For Increased Vitamin D Use To Combat COVID-19.
URL: https://vitamindforall.org/letter.html (10.03.2021) - Académie nationale de Médecine (2020):
Communiqué de l’Académie nationale de Médecine: Vitamine D et Covid-19. URL: http://www.academie-medecine.fr/communique-de-lacademie-nationale-de-medecine-vitamine-d-et-covid-19/(21.10.2020) - eu (2021): Online-Zugriff auf Verdachtsfallmeldungen über Nebenwirkungen. Europäische Datenbank gemeldeter Verdachtsfälle von Arzneimittelnebenwirkungen.
URL: https://www.adrreports.eu/de/ (04.10.2021) - Afrin LB, Weinstock LB, Molderings GJ (2020a):
Covid-19 hyperinflammation and post-Covid-19 illness may be rooted in mast cell activation syndrome. Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 100:327-332. DOI: 1016/j.ijid.2020.09.016 - Afrin LB, Ackerley MB, Bluestein LS, et al. (2020b):
Diagnosis of mast cell activation syndrome: a global „consensus-2“. Diagnosis (Berl). 2020;8(2):137-152. Published 2020 Apr 22. DOI: 1515/dx-2020-0005 - AGS Workgroup on Vitamin D Supplementation for Older Adults (2014):
Recommendations abstracted from the American Geriatrics Society Consensus Statement on vitamin D for Prevention of Falls and Their Consequences. J Am Geriatr Soc; 62(1): 147-152. DOI: 1111/jgs.12631 - Ahmad A, Heumann C, Ali R, Oliver T (2021):
Mean Vitamin D levels in 19 European Countries & COVID-19 Mortality over 10 months. medRxiv 2021.03.11.21253361; DOI: 1101/2021.03.11.21253361 - Al-Aly Z, Xie Y, Bowe B (2021):
High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. Nature. 2021;594(7862):259-264. DOI: 1038/s41586-021-03553-9 - Alnori H, Alassaf FA, Alfahad M, Qazzaz ME, Jasim M, Abed MN (2020):
Vitamin D and Immunoglobulin E Status in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Compared to Healthy People. J Med Life. 2020;13(4):463-468. DOI: 25122/jml-2020-0015 - Aloia JF, Li-Ng M (2007):
Re: epidemic influenza and vitamin D. Epidemiol Infect; 135(7): 1095-1096. DOI: 1017/S0950268807008308 - American Geriatrics Society Workgroup on Vitamin D Supplementation for Older Adults (2014):
Recommendations abstracted from the American Geriatrics Society Consensus Statement on vitamin D for Prevention of Falls and Their Consequences. J Am Geriatr Soc; 62(1): 147-152. DOI: 1111/jgs.12631 - Anastasi E, Ialongo C, Labriola R, Ferraguti G, Lucarelli M, Angeloni A (2020):
Vitamin K deficiency and covid-19. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2020; 80(7):525-527. DOI: 1080/00365513.2020.1805122 - Anbound (2020):
‘Polluted Air’ Could Be An Important Cause Of Wuhan Pneumonia – OpEd. Eurasia Review, 01.02.2020. URL: https://www.eurasiareview.com/01022020-polluted-air-could-be-an-important-cause-of-wuhan-pneumonia-oped/ (02.03.2020) - Annweiler C, Hanotte B, Grandin de l’Eprevier C, Sabatier JM, Lafaie L, Célarier T (2020):
Vitamin D and survival in COVID-19 patients: A quasi-experimental study. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 204, 105771. DOI: 1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105771 - APM Research Lab Staff (2020):
The color of coronavirus: COVID-19 deaths by race and ethnicity in the U.S. 05.03.2021. URL: https://www.apmresearchlab.org/covid/deaths-by-race (05.05.2020) - Aponte R, Palacios C (2017):
Vitamin D for prevention of respiratory tract infections. WHO, Juni 2017. URL: https://www.who.int/elena/titles/commentary/vitamind_pneumonia_children/en/ (02.03.2020) - Arreola R, Quintero-Fabián S, López-Roa RI, Flores-Gutiérrez EO, Reyes-Grajeda JP, Carrera-Quintanar L, Ortuño-Sahagún D (2015):
Immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects of garlic compounds. J Immunol Res; 2015: 401630. DOI: 1155/2015/401630 - Arthur JR, McKenzie RC, Beckett GJ (2003):
Selenium in the immune system. J Nutr; 133(5 Suppl 1): 1457S-1459S. DOI: 1093/jn/133.5.1457S - Ärzteblatt (2020):
COVID-19 bei Mehrzahl der Betroffenen auch die Todesursache. nec/aerzteblatt.de, 20.08.2020. URL: https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/115799/COVID-19-bei-Mehrzahl-der-Betroffenen-auch-die-Todesursache (11.09.2020) - Ärzteblatt (2021):
WHO: Alle Thesen zum Coronavirus-Ursprung werden verfolgt. dpa/aerzteblatt.de, 30.3.2021. URL: https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/122559/WHO-Alle-Thesen-zum-Coronavirus-Ursprung-werden-verfolgt (20.07.2021) - Bader M (2020):
ACE2 – the hijacked all-rounder. Der Nephrologe. DOI: 1007/s11560-020-00448-0 - Bae S, Kim MC, Kim JY, et al. (2020a):
Effectiveness of surgical and cotton masks in blocking SARS-CoV-2: a controlled comparison in 4 patients. Ann Intern Med. 6 April 2020. [Epub ahead of print]. DOI: 7326/M20-1342. Retracted - Bae S, Kim MC, Kim JY, et al. (2020b):
Notice of Retraction: Effectiveness of Surgical and Cotton Masks in Blocking SARS-CoV-2. Ann Intern Med. 2020 Jun 2: L20-0745. Published online 2020 Jun 2. DOI: 7326/L20-0745 - Baker B, Clark N, Boyan B, Schwartz Z, Ryan J (2015):
The role of 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in IgE-mediated mast cell activation (HYP4P.313). J Immunol May 1, 2015, 194 (1 Supplement) 123.12; - Barda N, Dagan N, Ben-Shlomo Y, et al. (2021):
Safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:1078-1090. DOI: 1056/NEJMoa2110475 - Bar-On YM, Flamholz A, Phillips R, Milo R (2020):
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) by the numbers. eLife; 9: e57309. DOI: 7554/eLife.57309 - BBC (2020):
COVID: Free Vitamin D pills for 2.5 million vulnerable in England. BBC, 28.11.2020. URL: https://www.bbc.com/news/health-55108613 (10.03.2021) - Beck MA (2007):
Selenium and Vitamin E Status: Impact on Viral Pathogenicity. Nutr. 137: 1338-140. DOI: 10.1093/jn/137.5.1338 - Beigel L (2020):
Aerosolforscher: „Wir müssen ein ganz anderes Lüftungsverhalten entwickeln“. RND, 18.08.2020. URL: https://www.rnd.de/gesundheit/aerosolforscher-uber-corona-wie-wird-bei-aerosolen-geluftet-warum-sind-sie-gefahrlich-wie-vermeiden-wir-die-verbreitung-SRHS7GF5PVHVVOBSRQVULWVIQE.html (18.08.2020) - Belkaid Y, Hand TW (2014):
Role of the microbiota in immunity and inflammation. Cell; 157(1): 121-141. DOI: 1016/j.cell.2014.03.011 - Bellinger FP, Raman AV, Reeves MA, Berry MJ (2009):
Regulation and function of selenoproteins in human disease. Biochem J. 422: 11-22. DOI: 1042/BJ20090219 - Bergman P, Lindh ÅU, Björkhem-Bergman L, Lindh JD (2013):
Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLOS One; 8(6): e65835. DOI: 1371/journal.pone.0065835 - BfR (Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung) (2004): Verwendung von Vitaminen in Lebensmitteln – Toxikologische und ernährungsphysiologische Aspekte, Teil I. BfR-Wissenschaft 03/2004, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-931675-87-4.
- Bhakdi S, Reiß K (2020):
Corona Fehlalarm? Zahlen, Daten und Hintergründe. Auflage. Goldegg Verlag, Berlin, Wien, ISBN 978-3-99060-191-4, S. 147. - Biesalski HK (2020):
Vitamin D deficiency and co-morbidities in COVID-19 patients–A fatal relationship? NFS Journal; 20: 10-21. DOI: 1016/j.nfs.2020.06.001 - Biesalski HK, Bischoff SC, Pirlich M, Weimann A (Hrsg.) (2017):
Ernährungsmedizin. 5., vollständig überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. Stuttgart: Thieme. DOI: 1055/b-004-132260 - Bischoff HA, Stahelin HB, Urscheler N, Ehrsam R, Vonthein R, Perrig-Chiello P, Tyndall A, Theiler R (1999):
Muscle strength in the elderly: its relation to vitamin D metabolites. Arch Phys Med Rehabil; 80(1): 54-58. DOI: 1016/s0003-9993(99)90307-6 - Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Staehelin HB, et al. (2009a):
Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ; 339: b3692. DOI: 1136/bmj.b3692 - Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Willett WC, Wong JB, et al. (2009b):
Prevention of nonvertebral fractures with oral vitamin D and dose dependency: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med; 169(6): 551-561. DOI: 1001/archinternmed.2008.600 - Bjelakovic G, Gluud LL, Nikolova D, et al. (2014):
Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.; (1): CD007470. DOI: 1002/14651858.CD007470.pub3 - Blasius H (2020):
Diagnose von COVID-19 ohne Test in der Praxis kaum möglich. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung, 17.07.2020. URL: https://www.deutsche-apotheker-zeitung.de/news/artikel/2020/07/17/diagnose-von-covid-19-ohne-test-in-der-praxis-kaum-moeglich/chapter:2 (27.08.2020) - Booth SL (2012):
Vitamin K: food composition and dietary intakes. Food Nutr Res; 56. DOI: 3402/fnr.v56i0.5505 - Boucher BJ (2020):
Why do so many trials of vitamin D supplementation fail?. Endocr Connect. 2020;9(9): R195-R206. DOI: 1530/EC-20-0274 - Brenner H (2021):
Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent COVID-19 Infections and Deaths-Accumulating Evidence from Epidemiological and Intervention Studies Calls for Immediate Action. Nutrients; 13(2):411. Published 2021 Jan 28. DOI: 3390/nu13020411 - Brenner H, Holleczek B, Schöttker B (2020):
Vitamin D Insufficiency and Deficiency and Mortality from Respiratory Diseases in a Cohort of Older Adults: Potential for Limiting the Death Toll during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic? Nutrients; 12: 2488. DOI: 3390/nu12082488 - Briggs R, McCarroll K, O’Halloran A, Healy M, Kenny RA, Laird E (2018):
Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With an Increased Likelihood of Incident Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc. DOI: 1016/j.jamda.2018.10.006 - Brown KH, Peerson JM, Baker SK, Hess SY (2009):
Preventive zinc supplementation among infants, preschoolers, and older prepubertal children. Food Nutr Bull; 30(1 Suppl): S12-40. DOI: 1177/15648265090301S103 - Bryant A, Lawrie TA, Dowswell T, et al. (2021):
Ivermectin for Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis to Inform Clinical Guidelines. Am J Ther. 2021;28(4):e434-e460. Published 2021 Jun 21. DOI: 1097/MJT.0000000000001402 - Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR) (2004): Verwendung von Vitaminen in Lebensmitteln – Toxikologische und ernährungsphysiologische Aspekte, Teil I. BfR-Wissenschaft 03/2004, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-931675-87-4
- Busby M (2020):
Covid: UK government requests guidance on vitamin D use. The Guardian, 14.11.2020.
URL: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/14/covid-uk-government-requests-guidance-on-vitamin-d-use (17.11.2020) - BzgA (2021):
Mutationen: Neue Virusvarianten von SARS-CoV-2.
URL: https://www.infektionsschutz.de/coronavirus/basisinformationen/mutation-des-coronavirus-sars-cov-2.html (19.07.2021) - Calder PC (2021):
Nutrition and immunity: lessons for COVID-19. Nutr Diabetes; 11(1): 19. DOI: 1038/s41387-021-00165-0 - Calder PC, Carr AC, Gombart AF, Eggersdorfer M (2020):
Optimal Nutritional Status for a Well-Functioning Immune System Is an Important Factor to Protect against Viral Infections. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):1181. Published 2020 Apr 23. DOI: 3390/nu12041181 - Calton EK, Keane KN, Newsholme P, Soares MJ (2015):
The Impact of Vitamin D Levels on Inflammatory Status: A Systematic Review of Immune Cell Studies. PLOS One; 10(11): e0141770. DOI: 1371/journal.pone.0141770 - Cantorna MT, Snyder L, Arora J (2019):
Vitamin A and vitamin D regulate the microbial complexity, barrier function, and the mucosal immune responses to ensure intestinal homeostasis. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol;54(2):184-192. DOI: 1080/10409238.2019.1611734 - Carfì A, Bernabei R, Landi F, for the Gemelli Against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group (2020):
Persistent Symptoms in Patients After Acute COVID-19. JAMA; 324(6): 603–605. DOI: 1001/jama.2020.12603 - Carnauba RA, Baptistella AB, Paschoal V, Hübscher GH (2017):
Diet-Induced Low-Grade Metabolic Acidosis and Clinical Outcomes: A Review. Nutrients; 9(6):538. DOI: 3390/nu9060538 - Carr AC, Maggini S (2017):
Vitamin C and Immune Function. Nutrients; 9(11). pii: E1211. DOI: 3390/nu9111211 - Carus F (2010):
UN urges global move to meat and dairy-free diet. Lesser consumption of animal products is necessary to save the world from the worst impacts of climate change, UN report says. The Guardian, 02.06.2010. URL: http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/jun/02/un-report-meat-free-diet (06.09.2013) - CDC (2021):
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 22.02.2021.
URL: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html (19.07.2021) - Cereceda R (2021):
COVID-19 is a vascular disease not a respiratory one, says study Access to the comments. Euronews, 5.6.2021. URL: https://www.euronews.com/2021/05/06/covid-19-is-a-vascular-disease-not-a-respiratory-one-says-study (5.8.2021) - Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Zhang AJ et al. (2020):
Surgical Mask Partition Reduces the Risk of Noncontact Transmission in a Golden Syrian Hamster Model for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciaa644, DOI: 1093/cid/ciaa644 - Chang JS, Wang KC, Yeh CF, Shieh DE, Chiang LC (2013):
Fresh ginger (Zingiber officinale) has anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell lines. J Ethnopharmacol; 145(1): 146-151. DOI: 1016/j.jep.2012.10.043 - Charoenngam N, Holick MF (2020):
Immunologic Effects of Vitamin D on Human Health and Disease. Nutrients. 2020;12(7):2097. Published 2020 Jul 15. DOI: 3390/nu12072097 - Chen L, Liu HG, Liu W, et al. (2020a): [Analysis of clinical features of 29 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi [Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases]. 2020;43(3):203-208. DOI: 3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.03.013
- Chen D, Li X, Song Q, et al. (2020b): Assessment of Hypokalemia and Clinical Characteristics in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wenzhou, China. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(6):e2011122. Published 2020 Jun 1. DOI: 1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11122
- Cheng VC-C, Wong S-C, Chuang VW-M et al. (2020):
The role of community-wide wearing of face mask for control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic due to SARS-CoV-2. J Infect 2020; 81 (1): 107-14. DOI: 1016/j.jinf.2020.04.024 - Chu W (2021):
UK Prime minister urged, ‘Look to Andalusia’s vitamin D use in tackling COVID-19’. 09.02.2021. URL: https://www.nutraingredients.com/Article/2021/02/08/UK-PM-urged-Look-to-Andalusia-s-vit-D-use-for-COVID-19 (10.03.2021) - Chu DK, Akl EA , Duda S , Solo K , Yaacoub S , Schünemann HJ, et al. (2020):
Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet; S0140673620311429. DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(20)31142-9 - Chung MK, Karnik S, Saef J, et al. (2020):
SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2: The biology and clinical data settling the ARB and ACEI controversy. EBioMedicine. 58:102907. DOI: 1016/j.ebiom.2020.102907 - Cohen J (2020):
Not wearing masks to protect against coronavirus is a ‘big mistake,’ top Chinese scientist says. Science, 27.03.2020. URL: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/not-wearing-masks-protect-against-coronavirus-big-mistake-top-chinese-scientist-says (07.09.2020). - Collaborators GBDRF (2018):
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet; 392(10159): 1923-1994. DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(18)32225-6 - Confino-Cohen R, Brufman I, Goldberg A, Feldman BS (2014):
Vitamin D, asthma prevalence and asthma exacerbations: a large adult population-based study. 2014;69(12):1673-1680. DOI: 10.1111/all.12508 - Consejería de Salud y Familias (2020):
Salud tratará con Calcifediol a ancianos en residencias para atenuar los efectos del Covid. Junta de Andalucía, 10.11.2020. URL: https://www.juntadeandalucia.es/organismos/saludyfamilias/servicios/actualidad/noticias/detalle/246349.html (04.08.2021) - Crook H, Raza S, Nowell J, Young M, Edison P (2021):
Long covid-mechanisms, risk factors, and management [published correction appears in BMJ. 2021 Aug 3; 374:n1944]. BMJ. 2021; 374:n1648. Published 2021 Jul 26. DOI: 1136/bmj.n1648 - D’Avolio A, Avataneo V, Manca A, Cusato J, De Nicolò A, Lucchini R, Keller F, Cantù M (2020):
25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations Are Lower in Patients with Positive PCR for SARS-CoV-2. Nutrients; 12(5). pii: E1359. DOI: 3390/nu12051359 - d’Ettorre G, Ceccarelli G, Marazzato M, et al. (2020):
Challenges in the Management of SARS-CoV2 Infection: The Role of Oral Bacteriotherapy as Complementary Therapeutic Strategy to Avoid the Progression of COVID-19. Front. Med. 7: 389. DOI: 3389/fmed.2020.00389 - Dancer RCA, Parekh D, Lax S, et al. (2015):
Vitamin D deficiency contributes directly to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Thorax; 70(7): 617-624. DOI: 1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206680 - Daneshkhah A, Agrawal V, Eshein A, Subramanian H, Roy HK, Backman V (2020):
The Possible Role of Vitamin D in Suppressing Cytokine Storm and Associated Mortality in COVID-19 Patients. MedRxiv; DOI: 1101/2020.04.08.20058578 - Del Valle DM, Kim-Schulze S, Huang H-H et al. (2020):
An inflammatory cytokine signature predicts COVID-19 severity and survival. Nat Med. 2020;26(10):1636-1643. DOI: 1038/s41591-020-1051-9 - Derosa G, Maffioli P, D’Angelo A, Di Pierro F (2020):
3A role for quercetin in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Phytotherapy Research 35(7). DOI: 1002/ptr.6887 - Desai AP, Dirajlal-Fargo S, Durieux JC et al. (2021):
Vitamin K & D Deficiency Are Independently Associated With Covid-19 Disease Severity, Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2021; ofab408, https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab408 - Di Filippo L, Formenti AM, Rovere-Querini P, et al. (2020):
Hypocalcemia is highly prevalent and predicts hospitalization in patients with COVID-19. Endocrine; 68(3):475-478. DOI: 1007/s12020-020-02383-5 - Di Pierro F, Derosa G, Maffioli P, et al. (2021a):
Possible Therapeutic Effects of Adjuvant Quercetin Supplementation Against Early-Stage COVID-19 Infection: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, and Open-Label Study. Int J Gen Med. 2021; 14:2359-2366. Published 2021 Jun 8. DOI: 2147/IJGM.S318720 - Di Pierro F, Iqtadar S, Khan A, et al. (2021b):
Potential Clinical Benefits of Quercetin in the Early Stage of COVID-19: Results of a Second, Pilot, Randomized, Controlled and Open-Label Clinical Trial. Int J Gen Med. 2021; 14:2807-2816. Published 2021 Jun 24. DOI: 2147/IJGM.S318949 - Di Pierro F, Khan A, Bertuccioli A, et al. (2021c):
Quercetin Phytosome® as a potential candidate for managing COVID-19. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino). 2021;67(2):190-195. DOI: 23736/S1121-421X.20.02771-3 - Diekmann R (2010):
Nutritional situation and functionality in nursing home residents – Results of a 12-month follow-up study. Dissertation Universität Bonn - Dofferhoff ASM, Piscaer I, Schurgers LJ et al. (2020):
Reduced Vitamin K Status as a Potentially Modifiable Prognostic Risk Factor in COVID-19. Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciaa1258, DOI: 1093/cid/ciaa1258 - Durisin M, Rembert E, Freitas T (2020):
A Tenth of the World Could Go Hungry While Crops Rot in Fields. Bloomberg, 31.08.2020. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-08-31/hunger-is-threatening-to-kill-more-people-than-covid-this-year (07.09.2020) - Dyer O (2021):
Covid-19: Unvaccinated face 11 times risk of death from delta variant, CDC data show. BMJ. 2021; 374:n2282. Published 2021 Sep 16. DOI: 1136/bmj.n2282 - Ebhardt T, Bertacche M (2020):
Italy Says 96% of Virus Fatalities Suffered From Other Illnesses. Bloomberg, 26.05.2020. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-26/italy-says-96-of-virus-fatalities-suffered-from-other-illnesses (21.10.2020) - EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) (2012):
Scientific Opinion on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of vitamin D. EFSA Journal; 10(7): 2813. URL: https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2813 (30.09.2021) - Entrenas Castillo M, Entrenas Costa LM, Vaquero Barrios JM, et al. (2020):
Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical study. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 203, 105751. DOI: 1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105751 - Eppinger U (2021):
Was Forschende über Long-Covid wissen: Symptome, Häufigkeit, Risikofaktoren und Therapien. Coliquio, 27.8.2021. URL: https://www.coliquio.de/wissen/covid-19-klinik-100/teil1-forscher-long-covid-grosser-ueberblick-100 (01.09.2021) - Esposito S, Principi N, Leung CC, Migliori GB (2020):
Universal use of face masks for success against COVID-19: evidence and implications for prevention policies. European Respiratory Journal; 55: 2001260. DOI: 1183/13993003.01260-2020 - Eyles DW, Trzaskowski M, Vinkhuyzen AAE, et al. (2018):
The association between neonatal vitamin D status and risk of schizophrenia. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):17692. Published 2018 Dec 6. DOI: 1038/s41598-018-35418-z - Fachgruppe COVRIIN (2021):
Medikamentöse Therapie bei COVID-19 mit Bewertung durch die Fachgruppe COVRIIN am Robert Koch-Institut. Robert-Koch-Institut, 05.10.2021. URL: https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/COVRIIN_Dok/Therapieuebersicht.pdf?__blob=publicationFile (06.09.2021) - FLCCC Alliance (2020):
I-MASK Protokoll, Version 11, 30.6.2021. URL: https://covid19criticalcare.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/FLCCC_Alliance-I-MASKplus-Protocol-DEUTSCH.pdf (02.09.2021) - Forrest KYZ, Stuhldreher WL (2011):
Prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency in US adults. Nutrition Research; 31 (1): 48-54. DOI: 1016/j.nutres.2010.12.001 - Frassetto LA, Morris RC Jr, Sebastian A (1996):
Effect of age on blood acid-base composition in adult humans: role of age-related renal functional decline. Am J Physiol; 271(6 Pt 2): F1114-F1122. DOI: 1152/ajprenal.1996.271.6.F1114 - Friedrich M, Reichert K, Woeste A, Polack S, Fischer D, Hoellen F, Rody A, Koster F, Thill M (2018):
Effects of Combined Treatment with Vitamin D and COX2 Inhibitors on Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Anticancer Res; 38(2): 1201-1207. DOI: 21873/anticanres.12340 - Gale J (2020):
How Do People Catch Covid-19? Here’s What Experts Say: QuickTake. Bloomberg, 21.02.2020. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-21/how-the-novel-coronavirus-can-maybe-infect-you-quicktake (23.09.2020) - Gale J (2021):
Delayed Wuhan Report Adds Crucial Detail to Covid Origin Puzzle. A study documenting the trade in live wild animals at Wuhan wet markets stayed unpublished for more than a year. Bloomberg, 17.08.2021. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-08-17/where-did-covid-come-from-report-on-infected-wuhan-wild-animals-sheds-new-light (26.08.2021) - Gandhi M, Rutherford GW (2020):
Facial Masking for Covid-19 — Potential for “Variolation” as We Await a Vaccine. The New England Journal of Medicine, September 8, 2020. DOI: 1056/NEJMp2026913 - Garvin MR, Alvarez C, Miller JI, et al. (2020):
A mechanistic model and therapeutic interventions for COVID-19 involving a RAS-mediated bradykinin storm. eLife 2020;9:e59177. DOI: 7554/eLife.59177 - GBD 2016 Lower Respiratory Infections Collaborators (2018):
Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Infect Dis; 18(11): 1191-1210. DOI: 1016/S1473-3099(18)30310-4 - GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators (2018):
Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet; 392(10159): 1736-1788. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32203-7 - Gibson A, Edgar JD, Neville CE, et al. (2012):
Effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on immune function in older people: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;96(6):1429-1436. DOI: 3945/ajcn.112.039057 - Girvan G, Roy A (2020):
Nursing Homes & Assisted Living Facilities Account for 38% of COVID-19 Deaths. The Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP), 07.05.2020. URL: https://freopp.org/the-covid-19-nursing-home-crisis-by-the-numbers-3a47433c3f70(20.07.2021) - Gitau G (2021):
Blood Clot Risk Much Higher From Covid-19 Than With Vaccines. Bloomberg, 27.08.2021. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-26/blood-clot-risk-much-higher-from-covid-19-than-with-vaccines (08.09.2021) - Goddek S (2020):
Vitamin D3 and K2 and their potential contribution to reducing the COVID-19 mortality rate. International Journal of Infectious Diseases; 99: 286-290. DOI: 1016/j.ijid.2020.07.080 - Goel RR, Painter MM, Apostolidis SA, et al. (2021):
mRNA Vaccination Induces Durable Immune Memory to SARS-CoV-2 with Continued Evolution to Variants of Concern. bioRxiv. 2021; 2021.08.23.457229. Published 2021 Aug 23. DOI: 10.1101/2021.08.23.457229 - Götze S (2020a):
Studie zu Aerosol-Viruswolken – Dicke Luft im Restaurant. Spiegel Wissenschaft, 15.05.2020. URL: https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/medizin/covid-19-belastete-troepfchen-machen-geschlossene-raeume-zu-infektionsherden-a-7522885d-7553-4acc-ac5d-ac603552ed06 (18.08.2020) - Götze S (2020b):
Aerosol-Forschung – Wissenschaftler finden erstmals infektiöse Coronaviren in der Luft. Spiegel Wissenschaft, 12.08.2020. URL: https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/coronavirus-forscher-finden-erstmals-infektioese-viren-in-der-luft-a-dc414f6b-870a-4137-875d-cd125f0806b3 (18.08.2020) - Granchi D, Caudarella R, Ripamonti C, Spinnato P, Bazzocchi A, Massa A, Baldini N (2018):
Potassium Citrate Supplementation Decreases the Biochemical Markers of Bone Loss in a Group of Osteopenic Women: The Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients; 10(9):1293. DOI: 3390/nu10091293 - Grant WB, Lahore H, McDonnell SL, Baggerly CA, French CB, Aliano JL, Bhattoa HP (2020):
Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths. Nutrients; 12(4): E988. DOI: 3390/nu12040988 - Greger M (2020):
What to Do if You Come Down with COVID-19. Nutritionfacts.org, 13.07.2020. URL: https://nutritionfacts.org/video/what-to-do-if-you-come-down-with-covid-19/ (27.08.2020) - Gregson FKA, Watson NA, Orton CM et al. (2021):
Comparing Aerosol Concentrations and Particle Size Distributions Generated by Singing, Speaking and Breathing. Aerosol Science and Technology 55(6). DOI:1080/02786826.2021.1883544 - Gretler C und Lacqua F (2021):
WHO’s Chief Scientist Warns the Pandemic Isn’t Slowing Down. Bloomberg, 09.07.2021. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-09/who-s-chief-scientist-warns-the-pandemic-isn-t-slowing-down (10.07.2021) - Gröber U (2019):
Vitamin A (Retinol). Zeitschrift für Orthomolekulare Medizin 2019; 17(02): 44-49. DOI: 10.1055/a-0920-2443 - Gröber U, Holick MF (2021):
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) – A supportive approach with selected micronutrients [published online ahead of print, 2021 Jan 25]. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2021;1-22. DOI: 1024/0300-9831/a000693 - Gröber U, Holzhauer P, Kisters K (2020):
Immunrelevante Mikronährstoffe bei viralen Atemwegsinfektionen. DZO; 52: 51-56. DOI: 1055/a-1162-2469 - Gröber U, Spitz J, Holick MF, Wacker M, Kisters K (2013):
Vitamin D: Update 2013: Von der Rachitis-Prophylaxe zur allgemeinen Gesundheitsvorsorge. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung; 153(15): 1518-1526.
URL: https://www.deutsche-apotheker-zeitung.de/daz-az/2013/daz-15-2013/von-der-rachitis-prophylaxe-zur-allgemeinen-gesundheitsvorsorge (30.09.2021) - Gutenberg COVID-19 Studie (2021):
Aktuelle Ergebnisse, Präsentation Staatskanzlei RLP vom 7. Juli 2021. Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz. URL: https://www.unimedizin-mainz.de/GCS/dashboard/#/ (20.07.2021) - Haase H, Rink L (2009):
The immune system and the impact of zinc during aging. Immun Ageing. 2009; 6:9. Published 2009 Jun 12. DOI: 1186/1742-4933-6-9 - Hafezi B, Chan L, Knapp JP, et al. (2021):
Cytokine Storm Syndrome in SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Functional Role of Mast Cells. Cells. 2021;10(7):1761. Published 2021 Jul 12. DOI: 3390/cells10071761 - Haidari M, Ali M, Ward Casscells S 3rd, Madjid M (2009):
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) purified polyphenol extract inhibits influenza virus and has a synergistic effect with oseltamivir. Phytomedicine; 16(12): 1127-1136. DOI: 1016/j.phymed.2009.06.002 - Halder M, Petsophonsakul P, Akbulut AC, et al. (2019):
Vitamin K: Double Bonds beyond Coagulation Insights into Differences between Vitamin K1 and K2 in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci; 20(4):896. DOI: 3390/ijms20040896 - Hampshire A, Trender W, Chamberlain SR, et al. (2021):
Cognitive deficits in people who have recovered from COVID-19. EClinicalMedicine. 2021; 39: 101044. DOI: 1016/j.eclinm.2021.101044. - Han JE, Jones JL, Tangpricha V, Brown MA, Brown LAS, Hao L, Hebbar G, Lee MJ, Liu S, Ziegler TR, Martin GS (2016):
High Dose Vitamin D Administration in Ventilated Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Pilot Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Transl Endocrinol; 4: 59-65. DOI: 1016/j.jcte.2016.04.004 - Hancocks N (2020):
COVID-19: Scientists raise the vitamin D alarm. 10.2020.
URL: https://www.nutraingredients.com/Article/2020/10/01/COVID-19-Scientists-raise-the-vitamin-D-alarm (06.10.2020) - Hastie CE, Mackay DF, Ho F, et al. (2020):
Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK Biobank [published correction appears in Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 Sep – Oct;14(5):1315-1316]. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020; 14(4):561-565. DOI: 1016/j.dsx.2020.04.050 - Hattangdi-Haridas SR, Lanham-New SA, Wong WHS, Ho MHK, Darling AL (2019):
Vitamin D Deficiency and Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Disease Severity in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Adults and Children. Nutrients. 2019;11(8):1854. Published 2019 Aug 9. DOI: 3390/nu11081854 - Heaney RP, Armas LA, Shary JR, Bell NH, Binkley N, Hollis BW (2008):
25-Hydroxylation of vitamin D3: relation to circulating vitamin D3 under various input conditions. Am J Clin Nutr; 87(6):1738-1742. DOI: 1093/ajcn/87.6.1738 - Hedayati MA (2020):
Ambient Temperature Interferes with COVID-19. Int J Prev Med; 11: 109. DOI: 4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_204_20 - Helfrich YR, Kang S, Elalieh HZ, Steinmeyer A, Zügel U, Bikle DD, Modlin RL, Gallo RL. (2007):
Injury Enhances TLR2 Function and Antimicrobial Peptide Expression Through a Vitamin D Dependent Mechanism. J Clin Invest; 117: 803-811. DOI: 1172/JCI30142 - Herzog A (2021):
Das lange Leiden beim Long-COVID-Syndrom – Diagnostik, konventionelle und komplementäre Therapie. Die Naturheilkunde 2021 (3): 37-39. - Hippisley-Cox J, Patone M, Mei XW, et al. (2021):
Risk of thrombocytopenia and thromboembolism after covid-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 positive testing: self-controlled case series study. BMJ. 2021; 374:n1931. Published 2021 Aug 26. DOI: 1136/bmj.n1931 - Ho E, Quan N, Tsai YH, Lai W, Bray TM (2001):
Dietary zinc supplementation inhibits NFkappaB activation and protects against chemically induced diabetes in CD1 mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood); 226(2): 103-111. DOI: 1177/153537020122600207 - Hogan Ii RB, Hogan Iii RB, Cannon T, et al. (2020):
Dual-histamine receptor blockade with cetirizine – famotidine reduces pulmonary symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2020; 63:101942. DOI: 1016/j.pupt.2020.101942 - Holick MF (2004):
Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. Am J Clin Nutr; 79: 362–371. DOI: 1093/ajcn/79.3.362 - Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, et al. (2011):
Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline J Clin Endocrinol Metab; 96(7): 1911–1930 [published correction appears in J Clin Endocrinol Metab; 96(12): 3908]. DOI: 1210/jc.2011-0385 - Hou Y, Ge S, Li X, Wang C, He H, He L (2021):
Testing of the inhibitory effects of loratadine and desloratadine on SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus viropexis. Chem Biol Interact. 2021; 338:109420. DOI: 1016/j.cbi.2021.109420 - Huang L, Yao Q, Gu X, et al. (2021):
1-year outcomes in hospital survivors with COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet. 2021;398(10302):747-758. DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(21)01755-4 - Hyppönen E, Läärä E, Reunanen A, Järvelin MR, Virtanen SM (2001):
Intake of vitamin D and risk of type 1 diabetes: a birth-cohort study. Lancet. 2001; 358(9292):1500-1503. DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(01)06580-1 - IHME (2020):
New IHME COVID-19 Forecasts See Nearly 300,000 Deaths by December 1. IHME, 06.08.2020. URL: http://www.healthdata.org/news-release/new-ihme-covid-19-forecasts-see-nearly-300000-deaths-december-1 (24.08.2020) - Ilie PC, Stefanescu S, Smith L (2020):
The Role of Vitamin D in the Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Mortality. Aging Clin Exp Res 32, 1195–1198 (2020). DOI: 1007/s40520-020-01570-8 - Illescas-Montes R, Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Ruiz C, Costela-Ruiz VJ (2019):
Vitamin D and autoimmune diseases. Life Sci. 2019; 233:116744. DOI: 1016/j.lfs.2019.116744 - Inserra F, Tajer C, Antonietti L, Mariani J, Ferder L, Manucha W (2021):
Vitamin D supplementation: An alternative to enhance the effectiveness of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2?. Vaccine. 2021;39(35):4930-4931. DOI: 1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.031 - International Scientists Panel (2015):
Scientists’ Call to D*actionThe Vitamin D Deficiency Epidemic. A Consortium of Scientists, Institutions and Individuals Committed to Solving the Worldwide Vitamin D Deficiency Epidemic. GrassrootsHealth, 16.10.2015.
URL: https://www.grassrootshealth.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/scientists_call-to-daction_121817.pdf?_ga=2.207631826.1732466458.1601989407-54612969.1601989407 (29.09.2021) - Ioannidis JPA (2021):
Infection fatality rate of COVID-19 inferred from seroprevalence data. Bull World Health Organ. 2021;99(1):19-33F. DOI: 2471/BLT.20.265892 - Jacob LM (2013):
Jacobs Weg des genussvollen Verzichts: Die effektivsten Maßnahmen zur Prävention und Therapie von Zivilisationskrankheiten. 4. Auflage. Nutricamedia, Heidesheim am Rhein. - Jacob M, Feitosa I, Albuquerque U (2020):
Animal-based food systems are unsafe: SARS-CoV-2 fosters the debate on meat consumption. Public Health Nutrition, 1-16. DOI: 1017/S1368980020002657 - Jaffe-Hoffman (2020):
Vitamin D deficiency linked to increased risk for COVID-19. The Health Ministry has been recommending vitamin D since the outbreak of the pandemic. The Jerusalem Post, 13.10.2020. URL: https://www.jpost.com/health-science/vitamin-d-deficiency-linked-to-increased-risk-for-covid-19-645459 (19.07.2021) - Janssen R, Visser MPJ, Dofferhoff ASM, Vermeer C, Janssens W, Walk J (2020):
Vitamin K metabolism as the potential missing link between lung damage and thromboembolism in Coronavirus disease 2019. Br J Nutr. 2021;126(2):191-198. doi: 1017/S0007114520003979 - Jehle S, Zanetti A, Muser J, Hulter HN, Krapf R (2006):
Partial neutralization of the acidogenic Western diet with potassium citrate increases bone mass in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: JASN; 17(11): 3213-3222. DOI: 1681/ASN.2006030233 - Jobin K, Stumpf NE, Schwab S, et al. (2020):
A high-salt diet compromises antibacterial neutrophil responses through hormonal perturbation. Sci Transl Med; 12(536): eaay3850. DOI: 1126/scitranslmed.aay3850 - Johnson C, Eccles R (2005):
Acute cooling of the feet and the onset of common cold symptoms. Fam Pract; 22(6): 608-613. DOI: 1093/fampra/cmi072 - Kahmann L, Uciechowski P, Warmuth S, Plümäkers B, Gressner AM, Malavolta M, Mocchegiani E, Rink L (2008):
Zinc supplementation in the elderly reduces spontaneous inflammatory cytokine release and restores T cell functions. Rejuvenation Res; 11(1): 227-237. DOI: 1089/rej.2007.0613 - Kalus U, Grigorov A, Kadecki O, Jansen JP, Kiesewetter H, Radtke H (2009):
Cistus incanus (CYSTUS052) for treating patients with infection of the upper respiratory tract. A prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical study. Antiviral Res; 84(3): 267-271. DOI: 1016/j.antiviral.2009.10.001 - Kang M, Xin H, Yuan J (2021):
Transmission dynamics and epidemiological characteristics of Delta variant infections in China. medRxiv 2021.08.12.21261991v1. DOI: 1101/2021.08.12.21261991 - Kaufman HW, Niles JK, Kroll MH, Bi C, Holick MF (2020):
SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. PLoS One.15(9): e0239252. DOI: 1371/journal.pone.0239252 . - Kazama I (2020):
Stabilizing mast cells by commonly used drugs: a novel therapeutic target to relieve post-COVID syndrome? Drug Discov Ther. 2020;14(5):259-261. DOI: 5582/ddt.2020.03095 - Keflie TS, Biesalski HK (2021):
Micronutrients and bioactive substances: Their potential roles in combating COVID-19. Nutrition; 84: 111103. DOI: 1016/j.nut.2020.111103 - Kemp A (2021):
AZD7442 PROVENT Phase III prophylaxis trial met primary endpoint in preventing COVID-19. AstraZeneca, Pressemitteilung vom 20.8.2021.
URL: https://www.astrazeneca.com/content/astraz/media-centre/press-releases/2021/azd7442-prophylaxis-trial-met-primary-endpoint.html (06.09.2021) - Khaerunnisa S, Kurniawan H, Awaluddin R, Suhartati S, Soetjipto S (2020):
Potential Inhibitor of COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro) From Several Medicinal Plant Compounds by Molecular Docking Study. Preprints, 2020030226. DOI: 20944/preprints202003.0226.v1 - Kifer D, Bugada D, Villar-Garcia J, et al. (2021):
Effects of Environmental Factors on Severity and Mortality of COVID-19. Frontiers in medicine, 7, 607786. DOI: 3389/fmed.2020.607786 - Kim G, Bae JH (2016):
Vitamin D and atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition. 2016;32(9):913-920. DOI: 1016/j.nut.2016.01.023 - Kim H, Kim S (2020):
Starbucks Cafe’s Covid Outbreak Spared Employees Who Wore Masks. Bloomberg, 25.08.2020. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-25/this-starbucks-in-south-korea-became-a-beacon-for-mask-wearing (01.09.2020) - Kohno R, Cannom DS, Olshansky B, et al. (2021):
Mast Cell Activation Disorder and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Clinical Association. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(17):e021002. DOI: 1161/JAHA.121.021002 - Kron T (2020):
COVID-19: ein Erinnerungsschreiben für die Unvernünftigen und Nachlässigen, Nature Medicine, 07.08.2020. URL: https://www.univadis.de/viewarticle/covid-19-ein-erinnerungsschreiben-fur-die-unvernunftigen-und-nachlassigen-726768 (13.08.2020) - Kubánková M, Hohberger B, Hoffmanns J, et al. (2021):
Physical phenotype of blood cells is altered in COVID-19. Biophys J. 2021;120(14):2838-2847. DOI: 1016/j.bpj.2021.05.025 - Langreth R (2021):
Covid Long-Haulers Baffle Doctors With Symptoms Going On and On. Bloomberg, 25.5.2021. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-25/covid-long-haulers-baffle-doctors-with-symptoms-going-on-and-on (05.08.2021) - Lee S, Kim T, Lee E, et al. (2020):
Clinical Course and Molecular Viral Shedding Among Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Community Treatment Center in the Republic of Korea. JAMA Intern Med. DOI: 1001/jamainternmed.2020.3862 - Lee S, Yu Y, Trimpert J, et al. (2021):
Virus-induced senescence is driver and therapeutic target in COVID-19. Nature (2021). DOI: 1038/s41586-021-03995-1 - Lefevre M, Racedo SM, Ripert G, et al. (2015):
Probiotic strain Bacillus subtilis CU1 stimulates immune system of elderly during common infectious disease period: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Immun Ageing. 2015;12:24. Published 2015 Dec 3. DOI: 1186/s12979-015-0051-y - Lei Y, Zhang J, Schiavon CR, et al. (2021):
SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Impairs Endothelial Function via Downregulation of ACE 2. Circ Res. 2021;128(9):1323-1326. DOI: 1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.318902 - Leung NHL, Chu DKW, Shiu EYC, et al. (2020):
Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks [published correction appears in Nat Med. 2020 May 27;:]. Nat Med. 2020;26(5):676-680. DOI: 1038/s41591-020-0843-2 - Li J, Wang X, Chen J, Zuo X, Zhang H, Deng A (2020):
COVID-19 infection may cause ketosis and ketoacidosis. Diabetes Obes Metab; 22(10):1935-1941. DOI: 1111/dom.14057 - Li YC (2011):
Vitamin D and the Renin-Angiotensin System. In: Vitamin D (Third Edition). Academic Press. Chapter 40, 707-723. - Linneberg A, Kampmann FB, Israelsen SB, et al. (2021):
The Association of Low Vitamin K Status with Mortality in a Cohort of 138 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. Nutrients. 2021;13(6):1985. Published 2021 Jun 9. DOI: 3390/nu13061985 - Liu J, Li S, Liu J, et al. (2020):
Longitudinal characteristics of lymphocyte responses and cytokine profiles in the peripheral blood of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. EBioMedicine; 55:102763. DOI: 1016/j.ebiom.2020.102763 - Liu ZQ, Li XX, Qiu SQ, et al. (2017):
Vitamin D contributes to mast cell stabilization. Allergy. 2017;72(8):1184-1192. DOI: 1111/all.13110 - Lopez Bernal J, Andrews N, Gower C, et al. (2021):
Effectiveness of Covid-19 Vaccines against the B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant. N Engl J Med 2021; 385: 585-594. DOI: 1056/NEJMoa2108891 - Loucera C, Peña-Chilet M, Esteban-Medina M, et al. (2021):
Real world evidence of calcifediol use and mortality rate of COVID-19 hospitalized in a large cohort of 16,401 Andalusian patients. medRxiv 2021.04.27.21255937; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.27.21255937 - Luxwolda MF, Kuipers RS, Kema IP, Dijck-Brouwer DA, Muskiet FA (2012):
Traditionally living populations in East Africa have a mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration of 115 nmol/l. Br J Nutr; 108(9): 1557-1561. DOI: 1017/S0007114511007161 - Luxwolda MF, Kuipers RS, Kema IP, van der Veer E, Dijck-Brouwer DA, Muskiet FA (2013):
Vitamin D status indicators in indigenous populations in East Africa. Eur J Nutr; 52(3): 1115-1125. DOI: 1007/s00394-012-0421-6 - Mai XM, Chen Y, Camargo CA Jr, Langhammer A (2012):
Cross-sectional and prospective cohort study of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and obesity in adults: the HUNT study. Am J Epidemiol; 175(10): 1029-1036. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr456 - Malone RW, Tisdall P, Fremont-Smith P, et al. (2021):
COVID-19: Famotidine, Histamine, Mast Cells, and Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:633680. Published 2021 Mar 23. DOI: 3389/fphar.2021.633680 - Martineau AR, Jolliffe DA, Hooper RL, et al. (2017):
Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. BMJ; 356: i6583. DOI: 1136/bmj.i6583 - Maurer M, Riesen W, Muser J, Hulter HN, Krapf R (2003):
Neutralization of Western diet inhibits bone resorption independently of K intake and reduces cortisol secretion in humans. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol; 284(1): F32-F40. DOI: 1152/ajprenal.00212.2002 - McClymont, H, & Hu, W (2021):
Weather Variability and COVID-19 Transmission: A Review of Recent Research. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(2), 396. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020396 - McDonnell SL, Baggerly C, French CB, et al. (2016):
Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations >/=40 ng/ml Are Associated with >65% Lower Cancer Risk: Pooled Analysis of Randomized Trial and Prospective Cohort Study. PLoS One; 11(4): e0152441. DOI: 1371/journal.pone.0201078 - McDonnell SL, Baggerly CA, French CB, et al. (2018):
Breast cancer risk markedly lower with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations >/=60 vs <20 ng/ml (150 vs 50 nmol/L): Pooled analysis of two randomized trials and a prospective cohort. PLoS One; 13(6): e0199265. DOI: 1371/journal.pone.0199265 - McKeever A, Greshko M (2021):
Der Ursprung des Coronavirus – vier mögliche Szenarien. National Geographic, 07.07.2021. URL: https://www.nationalgeographic.de/wissenschaft/2021/07/der-ursprung-des-coronavirus-vier-moegliche-szenarien (20.07.2021) - Meltzer DO, Best TJ, Zhang H, Vokes T, Arora V, Solway J (2020):
Association of Vitamin D Status and Other Clinical Characteristics With COVID-19 Test Results. JAMA Netw Open; 3(9):e2019722. DOI: 1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19722 - Micke O, Vormann J, Kisters K (2020):
Magnesium deficiency and COVID-19 – What are the links? Some remarks from the German Society for Magnesium Research e.V. Trace Elements and Electrolytes, Vol. 37 – No. 3/2020 (103-107). URL: https://www.magnesium-ges.de/pdfs/Micke_et_al._2020.pdf (22.12.2020) - Mileva M, Galabov AS (2018):
Vitamin E and Influenza Virus Infection. In: Morales-Gonzalez JA: Vitamin E in Health and Disease. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.80954 - Mitze T, Kosfeld R, Rode J, Wälde K (2020):
Face Masks Considerably Reduce COVID-19 Cases in Germany: A Synthetic Control Method Approach. IZA DP No. 13319. URL: https://ftp.iza.org/dp13319.pdf (06.10.2021) - Mocchegiani E, Malavolta M, Muti E, Costarelli L, Cipriano C, Piacenza F, Tesei S, Giacconi R, Lattanzio F (2008):
Zinc, metallothioneins and longevity: interrelationships with niacin and selenium. Curr Pharm Des. 14: 2719-32. DOI: 2174/138161208786264188 - Moebus S, Hanisch J, Bramlage P, Lösch C, Hauner H, Wasem J, Jöckel KH (2008):
Regional unterschiedliche Prävalenz des metabolischen Syndroms. Dtsch Arztebl; 105(12): A207-A213. DOI: 3238/artzebl.2008.0207 - Moghaddam A, Heller RA, Sun Q et al. (2020):
Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19. Nutrients; 12: 2098. DOI: 3390/nu12072098 - Molderings GJ, Haenisch B, Bogdanow M, Fimmers R, Nöthen MM (2013): Familial occurrence of systemic mast cell activation disease. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e76241. DOI: 1371/journal.pone.0076241
- Moriyama M, Hugentobler WJ, Iwasaki A (2020):
Seasonality of Respiratory Viral Infections. Annu Rev Virol; 7(1): 83-101. DOI: 1146/annurev-virology-012420-022445 - MPG (2021):
Unterschiedliche Todesfallraten. Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 29.03.2021.
URL: https://www.mpg.de/16647475/covid19-unterschiedliche-todesfallraten (20.07.2021) - Murdaca G, Tonacci A, Negrini S, et al. (2019):
Emerging role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases: An update on evidence and therapeutic implications. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(9):102350. DOI: 1016/j.autrev.2019.102350 - Musavi H, Abazari O, Barartabar Z, Kalaki-Jouybari F, Hemmati-Dinarvand M, Esmaeili P, Mahjoub S (2020):
The benefits of Vitamin D in the COVID-19 pandemic: biochemical and immunological mechanisms. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2020 Oct 8:1-9. DOI: 1080/13813455.2020.1826530. Epub ahead of print. - Myers A, McComsey G (2021):
Simplifying the COVID Puzzle: How Two Essential Vitamins Fortify the Immune System – Research Update and Marketplace Opportunities. Präsentation des NBJ Summit, 2021 - Naaber P, Tserel L, Kangro K, et al. (2021):
Dynamics of antibody response to BNT162b2 vaccine after six months: a longitudinal prospective study [published online ahead of print, 2021 Sep 6]. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2021; 100208. DOI: 1016/j.lanepe.2021.100208 - Nasreen S, Chung H, He S, et al. (2021):
Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against variants of concern in Ontario, Canada. medRxiv 2021.06.28.21259420; DOI: 1101/2021.06.28.21259420 - National Institutes of Health (2021a):
Vitamin D. Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. 17.08.2021. URL: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/ (06.10.2021). - National Institutes of Health (2021b):
Vitamin E – Fact Sheet for Consumers. 22.03.2021. URL: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminE-Consumer/ (06.10.2021) - Nelson HK, Shi Q, Van Dael P, Schiffrin EJ, Blum S, Barclay D, Levander OA, Beck MA (2001):
Host nutritional selenium status as a driving force for influenza virus mutations. FASEB J; 15(10): 1846-1848. DOI: 1096/fj.01-0115fje - Niedermaier T, Gredner T, Kuznia S, Schöttker B, Mons U, Brenner H (2021):
Vitamin D supplementation to the older adult population in Germany has the cost-saving potential of preventing almost 30,000 cancer deaths per Mol Oncol. 2021;15(8):1986-1994. DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12924 - Nogués X, Ovejero D, Quesada-Gomez JM, et al. (2021):
Calcifediol Treatment and COVID-19-Related Outcomes. SSRN, 22.01.2021. URL: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3771318 (07.10.2021) - Nordbayern (2021):
Corona-Mutation. Delta-Variante: Auf diese Symptome müssen Sie achtgeben. 07.2021. URL: https://www.nordbayern.de/panorama/delta-variante-auf-diese-symptome-mussen-sie-achtgeben-1.11155840 (19.07.2021) - Nutt (2021):
More than 71,000 Scots given four months’ free vitamin D. The National, 14.01.2021. URL: https://www.thenational.scot/news/19009358.71-000-scots-given-four-months-free-vitamin-d/ (07.10.2021) - O’Kelly E, Pirog S, Ward J, Clarkson PJ (2020):
Ability of fabric face mask materials to filter ultrafine particles at coughing velocity. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039424. DOI: 1136/bmjopen-2020-039424 - Oschatz C, Maas C, Lecher B, et al. (2011):
Mast cells increase vascular permeability by heparin-initiated bradykinin formation in vivo. Immunity. 2011;34(2):258-268. DOI: 1016/j.immuni.2011.02.008 - Patel S (2012):
Rose hips as complementary and alternative medicine: Overview of the present status and prospects. Mediterr J Nutr Metab; DOI: 1007/s12349-012-0118-7 - Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (2021a):
Coronavirus und COVID-19. FAQ Coronavirus, Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel, Monoklonale Antikörper.
URL: https://www.pei.de/DE/newsroom/dossier/coronavirus/coronavirus-inhalt.html?cms_pos=4 (21.09.2021) - Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (2021b):
Verdachtsfälle von Nebenwirkungen und Impfkomplikationen nach Impfung zum Schutz vor COVID-19 seit Beginn der Impfkampagne am 27.12.2020 bis zum 31.07.2021. Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, 19.08.2021. URL: https://www.pei.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/newsroom/dossiers/sicherheitsberichte/sicherheitsbericht-27-12-bis-31-07-21.pdf?__blob=publicationFile (07.10.2021) - Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (2021c):
Verdachtsfälle von Nebenwirkungen und Impfkomplikationen nach Impfung zum Schutz vor COVID-19 seit Beginn der Impfkampagne am 27.12.2020 bis zum 31.08.2021. Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, 20.09.2021. URL: https://www.pei.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/newsroom/dossiers/sicherheitsberichte/sicherheitsbericht-27-12-bis-31-08-21.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=5 (07.10.2021) - Pawar A, Pal A (2020):
Molecular and functional resemblance of dexamethasone and quercetin: A paradigm worth exploring in dexamethasone-nonresponsive COVID-19 patients. Phytother Res. 2020;34(12):3085-3088. DOI: 1002/ptr.6886 - Pereira M, Dantas Damascena A, Galvão Azevedo LM, de Almeida Oliveira T, da Mota Santana J (2020):
Vitamin D deficiency aggravates COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis. [published online ahead of print, 2020 Nov 4]. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;1-9. DOI: 1080/10408398.2020.1841090 - Pojsupap S, Iliriani K, Sampaio TZ, et al. (2015):
Efficacy of high-dose vitamin D in pediatric asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Asthma. 2015;52(4):382-390. DOI: 3109/02770903.2014.980509 - Porto CM, Silva VL, da Luz JSB, Filho BM, da Silveira VM (2017):
Association between vitamin D deficiency and heart failure risk in the elderly. ESC Heart Fail. 2018;5(1):63-74. DOI: 1002/ehf2.12198 - Prasad AS, Fitzgerald JT, Bao B, Beck FW, Chandrasekar PH (2000):
Duration of symptoms and plasma cytokine levels in patients with the common cold treated with zinc acetate. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 133(4): 302-3. DOI: 7326/0003-4819-133-4-200008150-00006 - Puelles VG, Lütgehetmann M, Lindenmeyer MT, Sperhake JP, et al. (2020):
Multiorgan and Renal Tropism of SARS-CoV-2. N Engl J Med 383; 6. DOI: 1056/NEJMc2011400 - Qi H, Xiao S, Shi R, et al. (2020):
COVID-19 transmission in Mainland China is associated with temperature and humidity: A time-series analysis. The Science of the total environment, 728, 138778. DOI: 1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138778 - Qu C, Fuhler GM, Pan Y (2021):
Could Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonists Be Used for Treating COVID-19?. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22(11):5672. Published 2021 May 26. DOI: 3390/ijms22115672 - Quesada-Gomez JM, Entrenas-Castillo M, Bouillon R (2020):
Vitamin D receptor stimulation to reduce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infections: Revised Ms SBMB 2020_166. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; 202: 105719. DOI: 1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105719 - Rabenberg M, Scheidt-Nave C, Busch MA, Rieckmann N, Hintzpeter B, Mensink GB (2015):
Vitamin D status among adults in Germany–results from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1). BMC Public Health. 2015; 15:641. DOI: 1186/s12889-015-2016-7 - Radujkovic A, Hippchen T, Tiwari-Heckler S, Dreher S, Boxberger M, Merle U (2020):
Vitamin D Deficiency and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients. Nutrients; 12(9):2757. Published 2020 Sep 10. DOI: 3390/nu12092757 - Radzikowska U, Ding M, Tan Ge, et al. (2020):
Distribution of ACE2, CD147, CD26, and other SARS-CoV-2 associated molecules in tissues and immune cells in health and in asthma, COPD, obesity, hypertension, and COVID-19 risk factors. Allergy; 00: 1-17. DOI: 1111/all.14429 - Raed A, Bhagatwala J, Zhu H, Pollock NK, Parikh SJ, Huang Y, Havens R, Kotak I, Guo DH, Dong Y (2017):
Dose responses of vitamin D3 supplementation on arterial stiffness in overweight African Americans with vitamin D deficiency: A placebo controlled randomized trial. PLoS One; 12(12): e0188424. DOI: 1371/journal.pone.0188424 - Raloff J (2006):
The Antibiotic Vitamin. Science News; 170: 312-317. DOI: 2307/4017406 - Randerath O, Pottkämper M, Beuth J, Pulverer G (1997):
Immunmodulation mit Herba-abrotani-Tee und Propionibacterium avidum KP-40 bei professionellen Eishockeyspielern. Biol Med; 26: 105–109. - Raulio S, Erlund I, Männistö S, et al. (2017):
Successful nutrition policy: improvement of vitamin D intake and status in Finnish adults over the last decade. Eur J Public Health; 27(2):268-273. DOI: 1093/eurpub/ckw154 - Ravaglia G, Forti P, Maioli F, Bastagli L, Facchini A, Mariani E, Savarino L, Sassi S, Cucinotta D, Lenaz G (2000):
Effect of micronutrient status on natural killer cell immune function in healthy free-living subjects aged >/=90 y. Am J Clin Nutr. 71(2): 590-8. DOI: 1093/ajcn/71.2.590 - Rayman M, Calder PC (2021a):
How to make COVID vaccines more effective: give people vitamin and mineral supplements. The Conversation, 12.02.2021. URL: https://theconversation.com/how-to-make-covid-vaccines-more-effective-give-people-vitamin-and-mineral-supplements-154974 (28.07.2021) - Rayman MP, Calder PC (2021b):
Optimising COVID-19 vaccine efficacy by ensuring nutritional adequacy. Br J Nutr: 1-2. Online ahead of print. DOI: 1017/S0007114521000386 - Raymond M, Ching-A-Sue G, Van Hecke O (2020):
Mast cell stabilisers, leukotriene antagonists and antihistamines: A rapid review of the evidence for their use in COVID-19. Oxford COVID-19 Evidence Service Team, Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford. URL: https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/mast-cell-stabilisers-leukotriene-antagonists-and-antihistamines-a-rapid-review-of-effectiveness-in-covid-19/ (18.05.2020) - Read R (2020):
A choir decided to go ahead with rehearsal. Now dozens of members have COVID-19 and two are dead. Los Angeles Times, 29.3.2020. URL: https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-03-29/coronavirus-choir-outbreak (07.09.2020) - Read JM, Bridgen JRE, Cummings DAT, Ho A, Jewell CP (2021):
Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV (COVID-19): early estimation of epidemiological parameters and epidemic size estimates. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2021;376(1829):20200265. DOI: 1098/rstb.2020.0265 - RECOVERY Collaborative Group; Horby P, Lim WS, et al. (2021):
Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021; 384(8):693-704. DOI: 1056/NEJMoa2021436 - Rhodes JM, Subramanian S, Laird E, Kenny RA (2020):
Editorial: low population mortality from COVID-19 in countries south of latitude 35 degrees North supports vitamin D as a factor determining severity. 51(12):1434-1437. DOI: 1111/apt.15777 - Riva A, Ronchi M, Petrangolini G, Bosisio S, Allegrini P (2019):
Improved Oral Absorption of Quercetin from Quercetin Phytosome®, a New Delivery System Based on Food Grade Lecithin. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2019; 44(2):169-177. DOI: 1007/s13318-018-0517-3 - RIVM (2020):
Results of random sample test: 4% of hospital staff infected with coronavirus. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Niederlande, 10.03.2020. URL: https://www.rivm.nl/en/news/result-of-random-sample-4-hospital-staff-infected-with-coronavirus (31.03.2020). - RKI (2019):
Antworten des Robert Koch-Instituts auf häufig gestellte Fragen zu Vitamin D. Robert Koch-Institut, 25.01.2019. URL: https://www.rki.de/SharedDocs/FAQ/Vitamin_D/Vitamin_D_FAQ-Liste.html (20.01.2021) - RKI (2020):
SARS-CoV-2 Steckbrief zur Coronavirus-Krankheit-2019 (COVID-19). Robert Koch-Institut, Stand: 21.08.2020. URL: https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Steckbrief.html#doc13776792bodyText1 (27.08.2020) - RKI (2021a): DIVI-Intensivregister, Altersstruktur. Robert-Koch-Institut, 10.10.2021.
URL: https://www.intensivregister.de/#/aktuelle-lage/altersstruktur (11.10.2021) - RKI (2021b):
Kontaktpersonen-Nachverfolgung bei SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen. Robert-Koch-Institut, 15.07.2021. URL: https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Kontaktperson/Management.html (03.08.2021) - Roberts M (2021):
Headache and runny nose linked to Delta variant. BBC News online, 14.06.2021. URL: https://www.bbc.com/news/health-57467051 (19.07.2021) - Saadh MJ, Almaaytah AM, Alaraj M, et al. (2021):
Punicalagin and zinc (II) ions inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CL-protease in vitro. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021; 25(10):3908-3913. DOI: 26355/eurrev_202105_25958 - Sadarangani SP, Whitaker JA, Poland GA (2015):
„Let there be light“: the role of vitamin D in the immune response to vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines; 14(11):1427-40. DOI: 1586/14760584.2015.1082426 - Saeglitz C (2007):
Mangelernährung bei geriatrischen Patienten im Krankenhaus-Prävalenz, mögliche Ursachen, übliche Therapie und prognostische Bedeutung. Dissertation Universität Bonn, 12.04.2007. URL: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/2726 (07.10.2021) - Sarkar S, Hewison M, Studzinski GP, Li YC, Kalia V (2016):
Role of vitamin D in cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunity to pathogens and cancer. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci; 53(2):132-145. DOI: 3109/10408363.2015.1094443 - Schilling S (2012):
Epidemischer Vitamin-D-Mangel bei Patienten einer geriatrischen Rehabilitationsklinik. Deutsches Ärzteblatt; 109(3): 33-38. DOI: 3238/arztebl.2012.0033 - Schmidt T, Klemis V, Schub D, et al. (2021):
Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/mRNA vaccination. Nat Med (2021). DOI: 1038/s41591-021-01464-w - Schurgers LJ, Barreto DV, Barreto FC, et al. (2010):
The circulating inactive form of matrix gla protein is a surrogate marker for vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease: a preliminary report. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol; 5(4): 568-575. DOI: 2215/CJN.07081009 - Schurgers LJ, Teunissen KJ, Hamulyák K, Knapen MH, Vik H, Vermeer C (2007):
Vitamin K-containing dietary supplements: comparison of synthetic vitamin K1 and natto-derived menaquinone-7. Blood; 109(8): 3279-3283. DOI: 1182/blood-2006-08-040709 - Schwarz F (2020):
Wie entstand das Coronavirus? Forscher rätseln über Fledermäuse und Schlangen als Überträger. Merkur.de, 07.08.2020. URL: https://www.merkur.de/welt/coronavirus-entstehung-uebertraege-wirtstiere-wildtiere-forschung-fledermaeuse-ursprung-theorien-zr-13635424.html (27.08.2020) - Scobie HM, Johnson AG, Suthar AB, et al. (2021):
Monitoring Incidence of COVID-19 Cases, Hospitalizations, and Deaths, by Vaccination Status – 13 U.S. Jurisdictions, April 4-July 17, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(37):1284-1290. Published 2021 Sep 17. DOI: 15585/mmwr.mm7037e1 - Self WH, Tenforde MW, Rhoads JP, et al (2021):
Comparative Effectiveness of Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, and Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) Vaccines in Preventing COVID-19 Hospitalizations Among Adults Without Immunocompromising Conditions — United States, March–August 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021; 70:1337–1343. DOI: 15585/mmwr.mm7038e1 - Seto WH, Tsang D, Yung RW, et al. (2003):
Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Lancet; 361: 1519-1520. DOI: 1016/s0140-6736(03)13168-6 - Shapiro J, Dean NE, Madewell ZJ, et al. (2021):
Efficacy Estimates for Various COVID-19 Vaccines: What we Know from the Literature and Reports. medRxiv 2021.05.20.21257461; DOI: 1101/2021.05.20.21257461 - Sharif-Askari NS, Sharif-Askari FS, Alabed M, Temsah M-H, Heialy SA, Hamid Q, Halwani R (2020):
Airways Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor, ACE2, and TMPRSS2 Is Lower in Children Than Adults and Increases with Smoking and COPD. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev; 18:1-6. DOI: 1016/j.omtm.2020.05.013 - Shibao C, Arzubiaga C, Roberts LJ 2nd, et al. (2005):
Hyperadrenergic postural tachycardia syndrome in mast cell activation disorders. Hypertension. 2005;45(3):385-390. DOI: 1161/01.HYP.0000158259.68614.40 - Siddiqui M, Manansala JS, Abdulrahman HA, et al. (2020):
Immune Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D on Viral Infections. 2020 Sep 21;12(9):2879. DOI: 10.3390/nu12092879 - Siegmund-Schultze N (2021):
Bislang größte Studie zu Art und Häufigkeit post-akuter COVID-19-Folgen: Mehrbelastung ist erheblich. Univadis, 29.04.2021. URL: https://www.univadis.de/viewarticle/bislang-grosste-studie-zu-art-und-haufigkeit-post-akuter-covid-19-folgen-mehrbelastung-ist-erheblich-743183 (05.08.2021) - Simonsohn B (2020):
Das Basische Prinzip: Dr. Jacobs Schutzformel gegen die größten Gesundheitskiller unserer Zeit. Mankau Verlag, 2. Auflage. ISBN-978-3-86374-541-7. - Singh I, Turner AH, Sinclair AJ, Li D, Hawley JA (2007):
Effects of gamma-tocopherol supplementation on thrombotic risk factors. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr.; 16(3):422-428. - Smith M, Smith JC (2020):
Repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19: supercomputer-based docking to the SARS-CoV-2 viral spike protein and viral spike protein-human ACE2 interface. ChemRxiv Preprint. DOI: 26434/chemrxiv.11871402.v4 - Sohrab G, Nasrollahzadeh J, Zand H, Amiri Z, Tohidi M, Kimiagar M (2014):
Effects of pomegranate juice consumption on inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Res Med Sci; 19(3): 215-220. - Srinivasan V, Mohamed M, Kato H (2012):
Melatonin in bacterial and viral infections with focus on sepsis: a review. Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov; ;6(1):30-39. DOI: 2174/187221412799015317 - Stadnytskyi V, Bax CE, Bax A, Anfinruda P (2020):
The airborne lifetime of small speech droplets and their potential importance in SARS-CoV-2 transmission. PNAS; 117 (22): 11875-11877. DOI: 1073/pnas.2006874117 - STM (International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers) (2018):
The STM Report – An overview of scientific and scholarly publishing, 5. Edition.
URL: https://www.stm-assoc.org/2018_10_04_STM_Report_2018.pdf (07.10.2021) - Streeck H, Schulte B, Kümmerer BM, et al. (2020):
Infection fatality rate of SARS-CoV2 in a super-spreading event in Germany. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):5829. Published 2020 Nov 17. DOI: 1038/s41467-020-19509-y - Struyf T, Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, et al. (2020):
Signs and symptoms to determine if a patient presenting in primary care or hospital out patient settings has COVID-19 disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 7. Art.No.: CD013665. DOI: 1002/14651858.CD013665 - Suleiman L, Negrier C, Boukerche H (2013):
Protein S: a multifunctional anticoagulant vitamin K-dependent protein at the crossroads of coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol; 88(3): 637–654. DOI: 1016/j.critrevonc.2013.07.004 - Sun JK, Zhang WH, Zou L, et al. (2020):
Serum calcium as a biomarker of clinical severity and prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Aging (Albany NY).; 12(12):11287-11295. DOI: 18632/aging.103526 - Suručić R, Tubić B, Stojiljković MP, et al. (2021):
Computational study of pomegranate peel extract polyphenols as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 virus internalization. Mol Cell Biochem 476, 1179–1193 (2021). DOI: 1007/s11010-020-03981-7 - Swain E (2021):
CDC: Benefits of COVID-19 messenger RNA vaccines outweigh myocarditis risks. Cardiology today. URL: https://www.healio.com/news/cardiology/20210623/cdc-benefits-of-covid19-messenger-rna-vaccines-outweigh-myocarditis-risks (26.08.2021) - Tagesschau (2021):
Hohe Viruslast bei infizierten Geimpften. Tagesschau.de, 31.7.2021. URL: https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/amerika/cdc-corona-geimpfte-101.html (05.08.2021) - Tan J, Anderson DE, Rathore APS, et al. (2021):
Signatures of mast cell activation are associated with severe COVID-19. medRxiv. 2021; 2021.05.31.21255594. Published 2021 Jun 1. DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.31.21255594 - Tarazona-Santabalbina FJ, Cuadra L, Cancio JM, et al. (2021):
VitaminD supplementation for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19: a position statement from the Spanish Society of Geriatrics and Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol. 2021;56(3):177-182. DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2021.02.001 - Taubenberger JK (2006):
The origin and virulence of the 1918 “Spanish” influenza virus. Proc Am Philos Soc; 150(1): 86-112. - The Economist (2021):
The pandemic’s true death toll. URL: https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/coronavirus-excess-deaths-estimates?utm_medium=pr&utm_source=de-a (08.09.2021) - Thomas GN, ó Hartaigh B, Bosch JA, et al. (2012):
Vitamin D levels predict all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in subjects with the metabolic syndrome: the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study. Diabetes Care; 35(5): 1158-1164. DOI: 2337/dc11-1714 - Thomas SJ, Moreira Jr. ED, Kitchin N et al. (2021):
Six Month Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine. medRxiv, DOI: 1101/2021.07.28.21261159 - Tito A, Colantuono A, Pirone L, et al. (2021):
Pomegranate Peel Extract as an Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to Human ACE2 Receptor (in vitro): A Promising Source of Novel Antiviral Drugs. Front Chem. 2021; 9:638187. Published 2021 Apr 28. DOI: 3389/fchem.2021.638187 - Twohig KA, Nyberg T, Zaidi A, et al. (2021):
Hospital admission and emergency care attendance risk for SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) compared with alpha (B.1.1.7) variants of concern: a cohort study [published online ahead of print, 2021 Aug 27]. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021; S1473-3099(21)00475-8. DOI: 1016/S1473-3099(21)00475-8 - Uni Lübeck (2021):
Corona-Langzeitstudie ELISA. 05.2021. URL: https://www.uni-luebeck.de/aktuelles/nachricht/artikel/corona-langzeitstudie-elisa.html (20.07.2021) - United Nations (2021):
Solidarity ‘Missing in Action’, Secretary-General Tells General Assembly, Decrying ‘Malady of Mistrust’ while Stressing: ‘We Must Get Serious’. United Nations, 21.09.2021. URL: https://www.un.org/press/en/2021/sgsm20918.doc.htm (23.09.2021) - Uwitonze AM, Razzaque MS (2018):
Role of Magnesium in Vitamin D Activation and Function. J Am Osteopath Assoc; 118: 181-189. DOI: 7556/jaoa.2018.037 - van Ballegooijen AJ, Beulens JWJ, Kieneker LM, et al. (2020):
Combined low vitamin D and K status amplifies mortality risk: a prospective study. Eur J Nutr 60, 1645–1654 (2021). DOI: 1007/s00394-020-02352-8 - van de Veerdonk F, Netea MG, van Deuren M, et al. (2020):
Kinins and Cytokines in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Pathophysiological Approach. Preprints 2020, 2020040023. DOI: 20944/preprints202004.0023.v1 - van Doremalen N, Lloyd-Smith JO, Munster VJ (2020):
Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1. N Engl J Med; 382: 1564-1567. DOI: 1056/NEJMc2004973 - Vardavas CI, Nikitara K (2020):
COVID-19 and smoking: A systematic review of the evidence. Tob Induc Dis; 18(March): 20. DOI: 18332/tid/119324 - Varga Z, Flammer AJ, Steiger P et al. (2020):
Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19. The Lancet 395: 10234, P1417-1418.DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(20)30937-5 - Vashi PG, Gupta D, Trukova K, Lambert GM, Lammersfeld C (2013):
The association between pre-treatment serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in stage IV prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol; 31: 15 (Suppl; abs 5036). DOI: 1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.5036 - Veldman CM, Cantorna MT, DeLuca HF. (2000):
Expression of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) receptor in the immune system. Arch Biochem Biophys; 374:334–338. DOI: 1006/abbi.1999.1605 - Veronese N, Stubbs B, Solmi M, Noale M, Vaona A, Demurtas J, Maggi S (2017):
Dietary magnesium intake and fracture risk: data from a large prospective study. Br J Nutr; 117(11): 1570-1576. DOI: 1017/S0007114517001350 - Vimalanathan S, Schoop R, Suter A, Hudson J (2017):
Prevention of influenza virus induced bacterial superinfection by standardized Echinacea purpurea, via regulation of surface receptor expression in human bronchial epithelial cells. Virus Res; 233: 51-59. DOI: 1016/j.virusres.2017.03.006 - Volkery C (2021):
Delta-Welle – 40 Prozent der Corona-Patienten in England sind geimpft. Handelsblatt, 22.07.2021. URL: https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/delta-welle-40-prozent-der-corona-patienten-in-england-sind-geimpft/27437634.html?ticket=ST-11954362-3BxiT6UBNB273VoCTXg5-ap1 (22.07.2021) - von Essen MR, Kongsbak M, Schjerling P, Olgaard K, Ødum N, Geisler C (2010):
Vitamin D controls T cell antigen receptor signaling and activation of human T cells. Nature Immunology; 11: 344–349. DOI: 1038/ni.1851 - Vormann J, Goedecke T (2006):
Acid-Base Homeostasis: Latent Acidosis as a Cause of Chronic Diseases. Zschr. GanzheitsMedizin; 18(5): 255-266. - Wagenhäuser I, Knies K, Rauschenberger V, et al. (2021):
Clinical performance evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in point of care usage in comparison to RT-qPCR. EBioMedicine. 2021; 69:103455. DOI: 1016/j.ebiom.2021.103455 - Wang M, Liu M, Wang C, et al. (2019):
Association between vitamin D status and asthma control: A meta-analysis of randomized trials. Respir Med. 2019; 150:85-94. DOI: 1016/j.rmed.2019.02.016 - Wang X, Pan Z, Cheng Z (2020):
Association between 2019-nCoV transmission and N95 respirator use. J Hosp Infect; 105: 104-05. DOI: 1016/j.jhin.2020.02.021 - Ward H, Atchison CJ, Whitaker M et al. (2020):
Antibody prevalence for SARS-CoV-2 in England following first peak of the pandemic: REACT2 study in 100,000 adults. medRxiv preprint. DOI: 1101/2020.08.12.20173690 - Weng Y, Yao J, Sparks S, Wang KY (2017):
Nattokinase: An Oral Antithrombotic Agent for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(3):523. Published 2017 Feb 28. DOI: 3390/ijms18030523 - White C, Nafilyan V (2020):
Coronavirus (COVID-19) related deaths by ethnic group, England and Wales: 2 March 2020 to 10 April 2020. Office for National Statistics, 07.05.2020. URL: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/articles/coronavirusrelateddeathsbyethnicgroupenglandandwales/2march2020to10april2020 (21.10.2020) - WHO (2020):
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Situation Report – 73. World Health Organisation, 02.04.2020. URL: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200402-sitrep-73-covid-19.pdf (11.09.2020) - WHO (2021):
Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants. World Health Organisation. URL: https://www.who.int/en/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants/ (19.07.2021) - Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, et al. (2019):
Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet. 2019; 393(10170):447-492. DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(18)31788-4 - Williams J, Williams C (2020):
Responsibility for vitamin D supplementation of elderly care home residents in England: falling through the gap between medicine and food. BMJ Nutr Prev Health. 2020;3(2):256-262. Published 2020 Oct 12. DOI: 1136/bmjnph-2020-000129 - Woolf SH, Masters RK, Aron LY (2021): Effect of the covid-19 pandemic in 2020 on life expectancy across populations in the USA and other high income countries: simulations of provisional mortality data BMJ 2021; 373:n1343. DOI: 1136/bmj.n1343
- Worldometers (2021):
COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. URL: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ (10.03.2021) - Worldometers (2020):
COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. URL: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ (27.08.2020) - Xin H, Wong JY, Murphy C, et al. (2019):
The incubation period distribution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2021 Jun 12]. Clin Infect Dis. 2021; ciab501. DOI: 1093/cid/ciab501 - Yepes-Perez AF, Herrera-Calderón O, Oliveros CA, et al. (2021):
The Hydroalcoholic Extract of Uncaria tomentosa (Cat’s Claw) Inhibits the Infection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) In Vitro. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021:6679761. Published 2021 Feb 24. DOI: 1155/2021/6679761 - Yepes-Pérez AF, Herrera-Calderon O, Quintero-Saumeth J (2020):
Uncaria tomentosa (cat’s claw): a promising herbal medicine against SARS-CoV-2/ACE-2 junction and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein based on molecular modeling [published online ahead of print, 2020 Oct 29]. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2020;1-17. DOI: 1080/07391102.2020.1837676 - Yip KH, Kolesnikoff N, Yu C, et al. (2014):
Mechanisms of vitamin D₃ metabolite repression of IgE-dependent mast cell activation. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(5):1356-136514. DOI: 1016/j.jaci.2013.11.030 - Zakay-Rones Z, Thom E, Wollan T, Wadstein J (2004):
Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. J Int Med Res; 32(2): 132-140. DOI: 1177/147323000403200205 - Zakay-Rones Z, Varsano N, Zlotnik M, Manor O, Regev L, Schlesinger M, Mumcuoglu M (1995):
Inhibition of several strains of influenza virus in vitro and reduction of symptoms by an elderberry extract (Sambucus nigra L.) during an outbreak of influenza B Panama. J Altern Complement Med; 1(4): 361-369. DOI: 1089/acm.1995.1.361 - Zasloff M (2006): Inducing endogenous antimicrobial peptides to battle infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA; 103: 8913-8914. DOI: 1073/pnas.0603508103
- Zeichner SB, Koru-Sengul T, Shah N, Liu Q, Markward NJ, Montero AJ, Gluck S, Silva O, Ahn ER (2015):
Improved clinical outcomes associated with vitamin D supplementation during adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with HER2+ nonmetastatic breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer; 15(1): e1-11. DOI: 1016/j.clbc.2014.08.001 - Zeng W, Wang X, Li J, et al. (2020):
Association of Daily Wear of Eyeglasses With Susceptibility to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2020;138(11):1196-1199. DOI: 1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.3906 - Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. (2020a):
Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet; 395(10229): 1054-1062. DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3 - Zhou J, Du J, Huang L, Wang Y, Shi Y, Lin H (2018):
Preventive Effects of Vitamin D on Seasonal Influenza A in Infants: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open, Controlled Clinical Trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018;37(8):749-754. DOI: 1097/INF.0000000000001890 - Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG, et al. (2020b):
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 579: 270–273. DOI: 1038/s41586-020-2012-7 - Zittermann A, von Helden R, Grant W, Kipshoven C, Ringe JD (2009):
An estimate of the survival benefit of improving vitamin D status in the adult German population. Dermatoendocrinol; 1(6): 300-306. DOI: 4161/derm.1.6.10970 - Zoe Covid Study (2021):
What are the new top 5 COVID symptoms? Zoe Covid Study, 23.07.2021. URL: https://covid.joinzoe.com/post/new-top-5-covid-symptoms (04.08.2021)
Menü
Menü
